Lawmakers have urged the government to establish a comprehensive national framework to regulate the seasonal movement of livestock, warning that weak oversight is worsening conflicts between farmers and herders and contributing to environmental and security challenges.

The recommendation comes from a joint committee of the National Assembly on environment and agriculture, following an inquiry into rising tensions linked to transhumance, the age-old practice of moving herds in search of pasture and water.

Speaking at the report’s presentation, the Minister of Environment, Climate Change and Natural Resources, Rohey John Manjang, highlighted the economic and social importance of pastoralism, but acknowledged that the lack of clear rules has led to disputes.

“Transhumance is vital for rural livelihoods, food security, and livestock production,” the report states.

“Yet without effective regulation, planning, and stakeholder engagement, conflicts between herders and farmers are escalating.”

The committee observed that population growth, shrinking grazing land, and climate pressures have increased competition for resources.

Farmers report crop damage, while herders claim traditional routes are blocked by farms and settlements.

Some foreign herders reportedly enter the country outside designated border posts, making verification of livestock health certificates difficult.

Moreover, much of the livestock trade remains informal, with limited oversight in weekly markets known as “lumo.”

To address the issues, the committee recommended that the Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Environment develop a national transhumance policy, establish regional grazing committees, and formalise livestock corridors, including cross-border cooperation with Senegal.

By Adama Makasuba